DATATYPES

Python - Datatypes

Data types are the classification or categorization of data items. Data types represent a kind of value which determines what operations can be performed on that data. Numeric, non-numeric and Boolean (true/false) data are the most used data types.

Built-in Data Types :

In programming, data type is an important concept.

Variables can store data of different types, and different types can do different things.

Python has the following data types built-in by default, in these categories:

TEXT TYPE : str

NUMERIC TYPE : int, float, complex

SEQUENCE TYPE : list, tuple, range

MAPPING TYPE : dict

SET TYPE : set, frozenset

BOOLEAN TYPE : bool

BINARY TYPE : bytes, bytearray, memoryview

Getting the Data Type :

You can get the data type of any object by using the type() function.

x = 5.5
print(type(x))

=====O/P=====

<'class float'>

Setting the Data Type :

In Python, the data type is set when you assign a value to a variable:

x=5  # int
print(x)
print(type(x))
x="apple" # string
print(x)
print(type(x))
x="a"  # string
print(x)
print(type(x))
x=1.5  # float
print(x)
print(type(x))
x=1+5j  # complex
print(x)
print(type(x))
x=["apple","banana","mango"]  # list
print(x)
print(type(x))
x=("apple","banana","mango")  # tuple
print(x)
print(type(x))
x={"apple","banana","mango"}  # set
print(x)
print(type(x))
x={"age":20,"name":"sanvi"}   # dictionary
print(x)
print(type(x))
x=range(6)   # range
print(x)
print(type(x))
x=frozenset({"apple","banana","mango"})   # frozenset
print(x)
print(type(x))
x=bytearray(6)  #bytearray
print(x)
print(type(x))
x= True       # bool 
print(x)
print(type(x))
x=b"hello"    # bytes     
print(x)
print(type(x))
x=memoryview(bytes(5))  # memoryview
print(x)
print(type(x))

========O/P==========
5
<class 'int'>
apple
<class 'str'>
a
<class 'str'>
1.5
<class 'float'>
(1+5j)
<class 'complex'>
['apple', 'banana', 'mango']
<class 'list'>
('apple', 'banana', 'mango')
<class 'tuple'>
{'mango', 'banana', 'apple'}
<class 'set'>
{'age': 20, 'name': 'sanvi'}
<class 'dict'>
range(0, 6)
<class 'range'>
frozenset({'mango', 'banana', 'apple'})
<class 'frozenset'>
bytearray(b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00')
<class 'bytearray'>
True
<class 'bool'>
b'hello'
<class 'bytes'>
<memory at 0x000001D3E6E7F7C8>
<class 'memoryview'>

Setting the Specific Data Type :

If you want to specify the data type, you can use the following constructor functions.

x=str("hello world")
print(type(x))
x=int(225)
print(type(x))
x=float(2.5)
print(type(x))
x=complex(4j)
print(type(x))
x = list(("appy", "bannu", "cherry"))
print(type(x))
x = tuple(("kushi", "happy", "cherry"))
print(type(x))
x = range(6)
print(type(x))
x = dict(name="John", age=36)
print(type(x))
x = set(("appie", "bunna", "berry"))
print(type(x))
x = frozenset(("seeta", "bunny", "cherry"))
print(type(x))
x = bool(5)
print(type(x))
x = bytes(5)
print(type(x))
x = bytearray(5)
print(type(x))
x = memoryview(bytes(5))
print(type(x))


========O/P=======

<class 'str'>
<class 'int'>
<class 'float'>
<class 'complex'>
<class 'list'>
<class 'tuple'>
<class 'range'>
<class 'dict'>
<class 'set'>
<class 'frozenset'>
<class 'bool'>
<class 'bytes'>
<class 'bytearray'>
<class 'memoryview'>